• Migration: the permanent or semi-permanent relocation of people from one place to another. (Voluntary migration) a movement made by choice. • Push factors- the factor that lets people move out

• Pull Factors- lets people move in

• Intervening obstacles: barriers that make reaching their desired destination more difficult (economic, social, political, or environmental)

• Urban Areas: Migrants traveling long distances usually settle in large urban areas. This is mainly because migrants believe a larger city will have more opportunities than a smaller one.

• Gravity model of migration: the combination of the concept of distance decay, the belief in the greater pull in larger communities, and the assumption that more people are likely to migrate from a large community than a small one

• Multiple Steps: migrants reach their eventual destination through a series of smaller moves.

• Intraregional Migration- Permanent movement within one region of a country.

• Interregional migration- the process of people moving from one nation to another

• Gender Patterns of Migration: Most international migrants are young males, while more internal migrants are female. Men are more likely to move outside of the country looking for work.

• nternally displaced persons: migrants who move to another part of the same country

• Refugees: migrants who cross international borders, and they have a well-founded fear that they will be harmed if they return home

• Asylum Seekers: a person who has left their country and is seeking protection from persecution and serious human rights violations in another country

• Chain Migration: when people move to communities where relatives or friends migrated previously.

• Ethnic enclaves: neighborhoods filled primarily with people of the same ethnic group.

• Xenophobia: a strong dislike of people who practice another culture.

• Brain drain: migration out of a country is made up of many highly skilled people

• Remittance: money they send to their family and friends in the country they left.